Biblical Bibliographies
Charles Conroy [www.cjconroy.net]



The Book of the Twelve Prophets: Reception and Interpretation
(A) Jewish Sources (pre-1800)



[see also:  Commentaries on the whole Bible (pre-1800);  Lives of the Prophets]



This bibliography is limited to a selection of works dealing with all (or practically all) the books of the Twelve. Commentaries on single books, or smaller groups of books, within the Twelve will be listed in their respective book-bibliographies.

The bibliography is divided into five sections as follows:

I.    Reception of the Twelve in early Jewish writings  [for the Qumran pesharim see the relevant individual books within the Twelve]

Beentjes, P. C., "Prophets and Prophecy in the Book of Ben Sira", in P. C. Beentjes, "Happy the One Who Meditates on Wisdom" (Sir. 14,20). Collected Essays on the Book of Ben Sira (CBET 43; Leuven: Peeters, 2006) 207-229.

Brooke, G. J., "The Twelve Minor Prophets and the Dead Sea Scrolls", in A. Lemaire (ed.), Congress Volume Leiden 2004 (VTSup 109; Leiden: Brill, 2006) 19-43.

Hartog, P. B., "Reading and Copying the Minor Prophets in the Late Second Temple Period", in H.-J. Fabry (ed.), The Books of the Twelve Prophets. Minor Prophets – Major Theologies (BETL 295; Leuven: Peeters, 2018) 411-423.

Leonhardt-Balzer, J., "The Minor Prophets in the Judaism of the Second Temple Period", in M. J. J. Menken – S. Moyise (eds.), The Minor Prophets in the New Testament (LNTS 377; London & New York: T & T Clark, 2009) 7-25.

Pearson, B. W. R., "The Book of the Twelve, Aqiba's Messianic Interpretations, and the Refuge Caves of the Second Jewish War", in S. E. Porter – C. A. Evans (eds.), The Scrolls and the Scriptures. Qumran Fifty Years After (JSPSup 26 / Roehampton Institute London Papers, 3; Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1997) 221-239.

Schwemer, A. M., "The Lives of the Prophets and the Book of the Twelve", in L.-S. Tiemeyer – J. Wöhrle (eds.), The Book of the Twelve: Composition, Reception, and Interpretation (VTSup 184 / Formation and Interpretation of Old Testament Literature, 9; Leiden: Brill, 2020) 415-440.

Simkovich, M. Z., "The Minor Prophets in Early Judaism", in J. M. O'Brien (ed.), The Oxford Handbook of the Minor Prophets (Oxford Handbooks; Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2021) 229-242.

Ueberschaer, F., "The Book of the Twelve in Early Jewish Literature", in L.-S. Tiemeyer – J. Wöhrle (eds.), The Book of the Twelve: Composition, Reception, and Interpretation (VTSup 184 / Formation and Interpretation of Old Testament Literature, 9; Leiden: Brill, 2020) 352-384.

Wehnert, J., "Was die Vitae Prophetarum über die Zwölf Propheten mitteilen", in M. Peetz – J. Eck (eds.), Weisheit und Prophetie im Kontext des Zweiten Tempels: Festschrift für Burkard M. Zapff zum 65. Geburtstag (ABG 79; Leipzig: Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, 2025) 207-222.

II.    The Twelve in Talmud and Midrash

J. Neusner's Source Books

Neusner, J., Amos in Talmud and Midrash: A Source Book (Studies in Judaism; Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 2007).

Neusner, J., Habakkuk, Jonah, Nahum and Obadiah in Talmud and Midrash: A Source Book (Studies in Judaism; Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 2007).

Neusner, J., Hosea in Talmud and Midrash: A Source Book (Studies in Judaism; Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 2007).

Neusner, J., Micah and Joel in Talmud and Midrash: A Source Book (Studies in Judaism; Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 2007).

Neusner, J., Zephaniah, Haggai, Zechariah and Malachi in Talmud and Midrash: A Source Book (Studies in Judaism; Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 2007).

III.    Individual commentaries

Daniel ben Moses al-Qūmisī (second half of the 9th cent.: Karaite)
Markon, I. D. B. (ed.), Daniel al-Qūmisī, Pitrōn Shneym ʿAsar (Commentary on the Twelve Prophets) [Hebrew] (Jerusalem: Meqitzei Nirdamim, 1958).

Rashi (1040-1105)
Complete Hebrew text in both editions of the Miqraʾot Gedolot below.
English translation of Rashi in the Judaica Press edition of the Miqraʾot Gedolot below.
Online version with Rashi in English here.

Eliezer of Beaugency (12th cent.) [exact dates unknown]
Poznański, S. A. (ed.), פירוש על יחזקאל ותרי עשר / לרבי אליעזר מבלגנצי / הוציאו לאור בפעם הראשונה / על פי כתב יד יחידי באוקספורד / וספח לו מבוא על חכמי צרפת מפרשי המקרא שמואל אברהם פאזנאנסקי (Warsaw: Mekize Nirdamim, 1909-1913). [Besides the commentaries on Ezekiel and the Twelve with the editor's Introduction, the volume contains some extracts from Eliezer's commentary on Job. The first fascicle with the Ezekiel commentary was published in 1909; the book was completed with the rest of the material in 1913. The Oxford Ms mentioned in the title is Bodleian Library, Ms Opp 625.] Online access to Poznański's edition here.

Abrabanel [Abravanel, Abarbanel], Don Isaac ben Judah (1437-1508)
Commentary on the Latter Prophets: נביאים אחרונים / עם פירוש דון יצחק אברבניאל... (Pesaro or [near] Rimini: Gershom Soncino, 1520). [for discussion about the place of publication see M. Marx, "Gershom (Hieronymus) Soncino's Wanderyears in Italy, 1498-1527: Exemplar Judaicae vitae", HUCA 11 (1936) 427-501, esp. 468-469] For online access see here.
Later editions too, e.g. פירוש על נביאים אחרונים (Amsterdam: Immanuel Benveniste, 1641). For online access see here.
Modern reprint editions: Abravanel, I., פירוש על נביאים אחרונים [Commentary on the Latter Prophets] (Jerusalem: Torah ve-Daʿat, 1957) and again (Jerusalem: Benei Arbaʾel, 1979).

Jedidiah Solomon Raphael ben Abraham Norzi (ca. 1560 – ca. 1626)
Azcárraga Servert, M. J. de, Minḥat Say de Y.S. de Norzi: Profetas menores. Traducción y anotación critica (Textos y estudios Cardenal Cisneros, 24; Madrid: Instituto de Filologia, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Departamento de Filologia Biblica y de Oriente Antiguo, 1987).

IV.    Multiple-commentary and anthology-type works

Miqraʾot gedolot (Judaica Press edition)
ספר תרי עשר, חלק א′ : מקראות גדולות / The Book of the Twelve Prophets, Volume One: A New English Translation of the Text, Rashi, and a Commentary Digest. Edited, translated and compiled by Rabbi A. J. Rosenberg (Judaica Books of the Prophets; Brooklyn, NY: Judaica Press, 1986).
ספר תרי עשר, חלק ב′ : מקראות גדולות / The Book of the Twelve Prophets, Volume Two: A New English Translation of the Text, Rashi, and a Commentary Digest. Edited, translated and compiled by Rabbi A. J. Rosenberg (Judaica Books of the Prophets; Brooklyn, NY: Judaica Press, 1988).
[Each volume features both the complete Hebrew Mikraoth Gedoloth as well as a concise, modern English translation of the text with extensive commentary. In addition, each and every Rashi is translated, as are selections from the Ramban, Sforno, Rashbam, Ibn Ezra, from Talmudic and Midrashic sources, and numerous other commentaries never before translated.]

Miqraʾot gedolot (Bar-Ilan edition)
Cohen, M. (ed.), מקראות גדולות הכתר ... תרי עשר / Miḳraʾot gedolot ha-Keter, 12: The Twelve Minor Prophets. A Revised and Augmented Scientific Edition of 'Mikraʾot Gedolot' Based on the Aleppo Codex and Early Medieval MSS. Small edition [Hebr.] (Ramat Gan: Bar-Ilan University Press, 2012).
[commentaries of Rashi, Joseph Qara, Ibn Ezra, David Kimḥi (Radak), Eliezer of Beaugency, Jehiel ben David Altschul (Meṣudot), Abarbanel, and others]. Free online edition here.

Yalkut Shimoni (probably 13th cent.)
Marx, F. (ed.), Jalkut Schimoni zum Zwölfprophetenbuch: Übersetzung und Kommentar (Jalkut Schimoni: Rabbinische Bibelauslegung im Mittelalter; Berlin: De Gruyter, 2020).

Recent rabbinic anthologies
•  Roberts, M. – M. Zlotowitz, Trei asar = תרי עשר = The Twelve Prophets, Vol. I, Hosea/Hoshea, Joel/Yoel, Amos, Obadiah/Ovadiah, Jonah/Yonah = הושע יואל עמוס עובדיה יונה : A New Translation with a Commentary Anthologized from Talmudic, Midrashic and Rabbinic Sources. Hosea, Joel, Amos, Obadiah: translation and commentary by Rabbi Matis Roberts. Jonah translation and commentary by Rabbi Meir Zlotowitz. Overview, "The Later Prophets: Unity and Mission" by Rabbi Joseph Elias. (ArtScroll Tanach Series; Brooklyn, New York: Mesorah Publications, 1995). [The Jonah commentary appeared separately earlier; see next item]
•  Zlotowitz, M., The Twelve Prophets: Yonah = ספר יונה = Jonah: A New Translation with a Commentary Anthologized from Talmudic, Midrashic and Rabbinic Sources. Translation and Commentary by Rabbi Meir Zlotowitz. Overview, "Jonah, Repentance, and Yom Kippur" by Rabbi Nosson Scherman. Second edition, revised and corrected (ArtScroll Tanach Series; Brooklyn, New York: Mesorah Publications, 1980). [first ed. 1978]
•  Stavsky, Y., Trei asar = תרי עשר = The Twelve Prophets, Vol. II, Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephania, Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi = מיכה, נחום, חבקוק, צפניה, חגי, זכריה, מלאכי : A New Translation with a Commentary Anthologized from Talmudic, Midrashic and Rabbinic Sources. Translation and Commentary by Rabbi Yitzchok Stavsky (ArtScroll Tanach Series; Brooklyn, New York: Mesorah Publications, 2009).

V.    Studies on Jewish interpretation of the Twelve  [for further titles on the "Lives of the Prophets" see here]

Lange, A. – M. Weigold, Biblical Quotations and Allusions in Second Temple Jewish Literature (JAJSup 5; Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2011), esp. 152-161.

Leuchter, M., "The Book of the Twelve in the Rabbinic Tradition", in L.-S. Tiemeyer – J. Wöhrle (eds.), The Book of the Twelve: Composition, Reception, and Interpretation (VTSup 184 / Formation and Interpretation of Old Testament Literature, 9; Leiden: Brill, 2020) 441-465.

Neusner, J., The Rabbis and the Prophets (Studies in Judaism; Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 2011). [deals especially with Amos and Hosea]