Biblical Bibliographies
Charles Conroy [www.cjconroy.net]



Isa 52,13 – 53,12



[see also:  the general bibliography on the Servant (Ebed) texts,
as well as the commentaries and general studies on Second Isaiah]


Since the bibliography on this text is so extensive, it will readily be understood that the titles given here are simply a selection, taken for the most part from the work of recent years. The list is divided into five sections as follows:

I.    An invaluable bibliographical resource
(together with the general bibliographies on the "Servant" theme by H. Haag and P. Grelot)

Hüllstrung, W. – G. Feine, "Bibliographie zu Jes 53", in B. Janowski – P. Stuhlmacher (eds.), Der leidende Gottesknecht. Jesaja 53 und seine Wirkungsgeschichte, mit einer Bibliographie zu Jes 53 (FAT 14; Tübingen: Mohr [Siebeck], 1996) 251-271; = "A Classified Bibliography on Isa 53", in B. Janowski – P. Stuhlmacher (eds.), The Suffering Servant: Isaiah 53 in Jewish and Christian Sources (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2004) 462-492 (updated with a section of new titles on pp. 489-492). The 2010 "Studienausgabe" of the German edition included further bibliographical updating by B. Janowski.

II.    Text-criticism and ancient versions
(for the Targum see section V below)

Barthélemy, D., Critique textuelle de l'Ancien Testament, 2: Isaïe, Jérémie, Lamentations (OBO 50/2; Fribourg, Suisse: Éditions Universitaires; Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1986) 383-407.

Brownlee, W. H. – J. Reider, "On MŠḤTY in the Qumran Scrolls", BASOR 134 (Apr. 1954) 27-28. [Isa 52,14]

Dahood, M., "Phoenician Elements in Isaiah 52:13–53:12", in H. Goedicke (ed.), Near Eastern Studies in Honor of W. F. Albright (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1971) 63-73.

Dahood, M., "Isaiah 53,8-12 and Massoretic Misconstructions", Bib 63 (1982) 566-570; = "Isaia 53,8-12 e le erronee costruzioni masoretiche", in F. Vattioni (ed.), Atti della Settimana: Sangue e antropologia biblica nella Patristica (Roma, 23-28 novembre 1981), I (Centro Studi Sanguis Christi, 2/I; Roma: Pia Unione Preziosissimo Sangue, 1982) 149-154.

Elliger, K., "Textkritisches zu Deuterojesaja", in H. Goedicke (ed.), Near Eastern Studies in Honor of W. F. Albright (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1971) 113-119.

Elliger, K., "Nochmals Textkritisches zu Jes 53", in J. Schreiner (ed.), Wort, Lied und Gottesspruch. Festschrift für Josef Ziegler. Band II: Beiträge zu Psalmen und Propheten (FB 2; Würzburg: Echter, 1972) 137-144.

Euler, K. F., Die Verkündigung vom leidenden Gottesknecht aus Jes. 53 in der griechischen Bibel (Stuttgart: Kohlhammer, 1934).

Guillaume, A., "Some Readings in the Dead Sea Scrolls of Isaiah", JBL 76 (1957) 40-43.

Hegermann, H., Jesaja 53 in Hexapla, Targum und Peschitta (Gütersloh: Bertelsmann, 1954).

Hofius, O., "Zur Septuaginta-Übersetzung von Jes 52,13b", ZAW 104 (1992) 107-110.

Kooij, A. van der, "The Text of Isaiah and its Early Witnesses in Hebrew", in Y. A. P. Goldman – A. van der Kooij – R. D. Weis (eds.), Sôfer Mahîr: Essays in Honour of Adrian Schenker Offered by the Editors of "Biblia Hebraica Quinta" (VTSup 110; Leiden: Brill, 2006) 143-152. [espec. 150-152 on the textual problems of 53,11-12]

Nakazawa, K., "A New Proposal for the Emendation of the Text Isaiah 53:11", AJBI 2 (1976) 101-111.

Ngunga, A. T., "Messianism in LXX-Isaiah 52:13-53:12", in his Messianism in the Old Greek of Isaiah: An Intertextual Analysis (FRLANT 245; Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2013) 175-193.

Rubinstein, A., "Isaiah LII,14 – mišḥat – and the DSIa variant", Bib 35 (1954) 475-479.

Sacchi, P., "Ideologia e varianti della tradizione ebraica: Deut 27,4 e Is 52,14", in H. Merklein – K. Müller – G. Stemberger (eds.), Bibel in jüdischer und christlicher Tradition. Festschrift für Johann Maier zum 60. Geburtstag (BBB 88; Frankfurt a.M.: Hain, 1993) 13-32.

Sapp, D. A., "The LXX, 1QIsa, and MT Versions of Isaiah 53 and the Christian Doctrine of Atonement", in W. H. Bellinger – W. R. Farmer (eds.), Jesus and the Suffering Servant. Isaiah 53 and Christian Origins (Harrisburg, PA: Trinity Press, 1998) 170-192.

Urciuoli, E. R., "A Suffering Messiah at Qumran? Some Observations on the Debate about IQIsaa", RevQ 24,2 [94] (2009) 273-281.

III.    Exegetical studies

Abela, A., "When Tradition Prevails over Good Parsing. Reconsidering the Translation of Is 53,11b", in M. Augustin – H. M. Niemann (eds.), Stimulation from Leiden. Collected Communications to the XVIIIth Congress of the International Organization for the Study of the Old Testament, Leiden 2004 (BEATAJ 54; Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang, 2006) 89-104.

Adams, J. W., The Performative Nature and Function of Isaiah 40–55 (LHB/OTS 448; New York: T & T Clark International, 2006) 173-209.

Alonso, A., "Anotaciones críticas a Isaías 53,8", La Ciudad de Dios 181 (1968) 89-100.

Alonso, A., "La suerte del Siervo: Isaías 53,9-10", La Ciudad de Dios 181 (1968) 292-305.

Bailey, D. P., "Concepts of Stellvertretung in the Interpretation of Isaiah 53", in W. H. Bellinger – W. R. Farmer (eds.), Jesus and the Suffering Servant. Isaiah 53 and Christian Origins (Harrisburg, PA: Trinity Press, 1998) 223-250.

Barré, M. L., "Textual and Rhetorical-Critical Observations on the Last Servant Song (Isaiah 52:13–53:12)", CBQ 62 (2000) 1-27.

Barros, M., "Hino de resistência do povo excluído: uma leitura latino-americana do 4º Cântico do Servo Sofredor", Estudos bíblicos 105 (2010) 32-43.

Barry, J. D., The Resurrected Servant in Isaiah (Colorado Springs, CO: Paternoster Publishing – Biblica Publishing, 2010).

Beauchamp, P., "Lecture et relectures du quatrième Chant du Serviteur. D'Isaïe à Jésus", in J. Vermeylen (ed.), The Book of Isaiah. Le Livre d'Isaïe. Les oracles, et leurs relectures; unité et complexité de l'ouvrage (BETL 81; Leuven: Leuven University Press, 1989) 325-355; = [same title], in P. Beauchamp, Pages exégètiques. Préface par Y. Simoens (LD 202; Paris: Cerf, 2005) 183-220.

Berges, U., "Das vierte Lied vom Gottesknecht (Jesaja 52,13-53,12): Überlegungen zur aktuellen Debatte um die Symbolik des Kreuzes aus alttestamentlicher Perspektive", ZKT 133 (2011) 159-174; = "The Fourth Servant Song (Isaiah 52:13-53:12): Reflections on the Current Debate on the Symbolism of the Cross from the Perspective of the Old Testament", OTE 25 (2012) 481-499.

Blenkinsopp, J., "The Sacrificial Life and Death of the Servant (Isaiah 52:13-53:12)", VT 66 (2016) 1-14. Reprinted in J. Blenkinsopp, Essays on the Book of Isaiah (FAT 128; Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2019) 186-197.

Blenkinsopp, J., "The Suffering Servant, the Book of Daniel, and Martyrdom", in J. Blenkinsopp, Essays on the Book of Isaiah (FAT 128; Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2019) 198-215.

Blum, E., "Der leidende Gottesknecht von Jes 53: eine kompositionelle Deutung", in S. Gehrig – S. Seiler (eds.), Gottes Wahrnehmungen. Helmut Utzschneider zum 60. Geburtstag (Stuttgart: Kohlhammer, 2009) 138-159.

Büttner, C. von, "What Does ydwʿ ḥly Mean? Notes on Isa 53,3", KUSATU 17 (2014) 65-78.

Carbullanca Núñez, C., "El Cantico del Siervo de Dios. Teología del martirio 'versus' teología sacrificial", Concilium Nº 352 (2013) 109-120; = "Das Gottesknechtslied: Theologie des Martyriums versus Opfertheologie", Concilium 49 (2013, 4) 456-465; = "Il Quarto carme del servo di Dio. Teologia del martirio versus teologia del sacrificio", Concilium 2013/4, 118-130.

Cardellini, I., "mišḥat: un termine controverso in Isaia 52,14", in A. Gasperoni (ed.), Fedeli a Dio, fedeli all'uomo. Scritti in onore dei docenti Duilio Bonifazi, Giuseppe Crocetti, Valentino Natalini, Oscar Serfilippi (Bologna: Edizioni Dehoniane [EDB], 2004) 41-47.

Ceresko, A. R., "The Rhetorical Strategy of the Fourth Servant Song (Isaiah 52,13–53,12): Poetry and the Exodus – New Exodus", CBQ 56 (1994) 42-55; = [same title], in A. R. Ceresko, Prophets and Proverbs: More Studies in Old Testament Poetry and Biblical Religion (Quezon City, Philippines: Claretian Publications, 2002) 1-14.

Clements, R. E., "Isaiah 53 and the Restoration of Israel", in W. H. Bellinger – W. R. Farmer (eds.), Jesus and the Suffering Servant. Isaiah 53 and Christian Origins (Harrisburg, PA: Trinity Press, 1998) 39-54.

Clines, D. J. A., I, He, We, and They: A Literary Approach to Isaiah 53 (JSOTSup 1; Sheffield: JSOT Press, 1976).

Cook, S. L., "An Interpretation of the Death of Isaiah's Servant", in R. Heskett – B. Irwin (eds.), The Bible as a Human Witness to Divine Revelation: Hearing the Word of God Through Historically Dissimilar Traditions (LHB/OTS 469; New York: T & T Clark, 2010) 108-124.

Coppens, J., "La finale du quatrième chant du Serviteur (Is., LIII, 10-12). Un essai de solution", ETL 39 (1963) 114-121.

Cortese, E., "Il 'Servo di JHWH' (SdJ)", in R. Fabris (ed.), La giustizia in conflitto. XXXVI Settimana Biblica Nazionale (Roma, 11–15 Settembre 2000) (Ricerche storico-bibliche, 14/1–2; Bologna: Edizioni Dehoniane, 2002) 81-98.

Day, J., "DA‘AT  'Humiliation' in Isaiah LIII 11 in the Light of Isaiah LIII 3 and Daniel XII 4, and the Oldest Known Interpretation of the Suffering Servant", VT 30 (1980) 97-103.

De Andrado, P. N., The Akedah Servant Complex: The Soteriological Linkage of Genesis 22 and Isaiah 53 in Ancient Jewish and Early Christian Writings (CBET 69; Leuven: Peeters, 2012).

De Andrado, P. N., "Reconciliation in the Templeless Age: The Servant as Sanctuary in Isa 53", OTE 34 (2021) 915-935.

Dekker, J., "The High and Lofty One Dwelling in the Heights and with His Servants: Intertextual Connections of Theological Significance Between Isaiah 6, 53 and 57", JSOT 41.4 (June 2017) 475-491.

Dohmen, C., "'Der Plan des Herrn wird durch ihn gelingen' (Jes 53,10). Der Gottesknecht und das Leiden Jesu", Communio 32 (2003) 424-433.

Driver, G. R., "Isaiah 52,13–53,12: The Servant of the Lord", in M. Black – G. Fohrer (eds.), In Memoriam Paul Kahle (BZAW 103; Berlin: Töpelmann, 1968) 90-105.

Ejeh, T. U., The Servant of Yahweh in Isaiah 52:13-53:12. A Historical Critical and Afro-Cultural Hermeneutical Analysis with the Igalas of Nigeria in View (Bibelstudien 6; Münster: LIT, 2012).

Franco, E., "La morte del Servo sofferente in Is. 53", in G. Danieli (ed.), Gesù e la sua morte. Associazione Biblica Italiana: Atti della XXVII Settimana Biblica (Brescia: Paideia, 1984) 219-236.

Frankel, D., "The Death of Moses as a Sacrifice of Atonement for the Sins of Israel: A Hidden Biblical Tradition", in A. Houtman – M. Poorthuis – J. Schwartz – J. A. Turner (eds.), The Actuality of Sacrifice: Past and Present (Jewish and Christian Perspectives, 28; Leiden: Brill, 2014) 47-67.

Gelston, A., "Isaiah 52:13–53:12. An Eclectic Text and a Supplementary Note on the Hebrew Manuscript Kennicott 96", JSS 35 (1990) 187-211.

Gelston, A., "Knowledge, Humiliation or Suffering: A Lexical, Textual and Exegetical Problem in Isaiah 53", in H. A. McKay – D. J. A. Clines (ed.), Of Prophets' Visions and the Wisdom of Sages. Essays in Honour of R. Norman Whybray on his Seventieth Birthday (JSOTSup 162; Sheffield: JSOT, 1993) 126-141.

Gignilliat, M., "A Shared Reality: Ontology in Brevard Childs's Isaiah Commentary", in C. R. Seitz – K. H. Richards (eds.), The Bible as Christian Scripture: The Work of Brevard S. Childs (Biblical Scholarship in North America, 25; Atlanta, GA: Society of Biblical Literature, 2013) 171-184.

Gosse, B., "Isaïe 52,13–53,12 et Isaïe 6", RB 98 (1991) 537-543.

Grätz, S., "Die unglaubliche Botschaft. Erwägungen zum vierten Lied des Gottesknechts in Jes 52,13–53,12", SJOT 18 (2004) 184-204.

Haag, E., "Das Opfer des Gottesknechts (Jes 53,10)", TTZ 86 (1977) 81-98.

Haag, E., "Stellvertretung und Sühne nach Jesaja 53 – Zur Dramatik der Erlösung", TTZ 105 (1996) 1-20.

Hägglund, F., Isaiah 53 in the Light of Homecoming after Exile (FAT II/31; Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2008).

Henning-Hess, H., "Bemerkungen zum ASCHAM-Begriff in Jes 53,10", ZAW 109 (1997) 618-626.

Hermisson, H.-J., "Das vierte Gottesknechtslied im deuterojesajanischen Kontext", in B. Janowski – P. Stuhlmacher (eds.), Der leidende Gottesknecht. Jesaja 53 und seine Wirkungsgeschichte, mit einer Bibliographie zu Jes 53 (FAT 14; Tübingen: Mohr [Siebeck], 1996) 1-25; = [same title], in his Studien zu Prophetie und Weisheit. Gesammelte Aufsätze. Hrsg. von Jörg Barthel – Hannelore Jauss – Klaus Koenen (FAT 23; Tübingen: Mohr, 1998) 220-240; = "The Fourth Servant Song in the Context of Second Isaiah", in B. Janowski – P. Stuhlmacher (eds.), The Suffering Servant: Isaiah 53 in Jewish and Christian Sources (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2004) 16-47.

Heskett, R., Messianism Within the Scriptural Scroll of Isaiah (LHB/OTS 456; London & New York: T & T Clark, 2007) 133-224.

Hong, K. P., "Seeing Manasseh in the Servant's Marred Face: A Radical Intertextual Reading of Isaiah 53", in H. C. P. Kim – T. D. Mayfield – H. K. Park (eds.), Historical Settings, Intertextuality, and Biblical Theology: Essays in Honor of Marvin A. Sweeney (FAT 160; Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2022) 181-194.

Houtman, A., "Putting One's Life on the Line: The Meaning of he‘erah lamavet nafsho and Similar Expressions", in A. Houtman – M. Poorthuis – J. Schwartz – J. A. Turner (eds.), The Actuality of Sacrifice: Past and Present (Jewish and Christian Perspectives, 28; Leiden: Brill, 2014) 192-205.

Irsigler, H., "Der Gott des Gottesknechts in Jes 52,13-53,12", in C. G. Müller – M. Helmer (eds.), "Darum, ihr Hirten, hört das Wort des Herrn" (Ez 34,7.9): Studien zu prophetischen und weisheitlichen Texten. Festschrift für Bernd Willmes zum 65. Geburtstag (Fuldaer Studien, 21; Freiburg im Breisgau: Herder, 2017) 73-96.

Isaksson, B., "The Textlinguistics of the Suffering Servant: Subordinate Structures in Isaiah 52,13-53,12", in G. Geiger – M. Pazzini (eds.), Έν πάσῃ γραμματικῇ καὶ σοφίᾳ, En pāsē grammatikē kai sophiā: Saggi di linguistica ebraica in onore di Alviero Niccacci, ofm (Analecta 78; Milano: Edizioni Terra Santa; Jerusalem: Franciscan Printing Press, 2011) 173-212.

Janowski, B., "Er trug unsere Sünden. Jesaja 53 und die Dramatik der Stellvertretung", ZTK 90 (1993) 1-24; = [same title], in his Gottes Gegenwart in Israel. Beiträge zur Theologie des Alten Testaments (Neukirchen-Vluyn: Neukirchener Verlag, 1993) 303-326; = [same title], in B. Janowski – P. Stuhlmacher (eds.), Der leidende Gottesknecht. Jesaja 53 und seine Wirkungsgeschichte, mit einer Bibliographie zu Jes 53 (FAT 14; Tübingen: Mohr [Siebeck], 1996) 27-48; = "He Bore Our Sins: Isaiah 53 and the Drama of Taking Another's Place", in B. Janowski – P. Stuhlmacher (eds.), The Suffering Servant: Isaiah 53 in Jewish and Christian Sources (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2004) 48-74.

Janowski, B. – P. Stuhlmacher (eds.), Der leidende Gottesknecht. Jesaja 53 und seine Wirkungsgeschichte, mit einer Bibliographie zu Jes 53 (FAT 14; Tübingen: Mohr [Siebeck], 1996) [Studienausgabe 2010]; = The Suffering Servant: Isaiah 53 in Jewish and Christian Sources (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2004).

Janowski, B., Stellvertretung. Alttestamentliche Studien zu einem theologischen Grundbegriff (SBS 165; Stuttgart: Katholisches Bibelwerk, 1997).

Joachimsen, K., Identities in Transition: The Pursuit of Isa. 52:13-53:12 (VTSup 142; Leiden: Brill, 2011).

Kabasele Lumbala, F., "Isaiah 52,13–53,12: An African Perspective", in P. Pope-Levison – J. R. Levison (eds.), Return to Babel: Global Perspectives on the Bible (Louisville, KY: Westminster John Knox, 1999) 101-106.

Kim, J., "The Concept of Atonement in the Fourth Servant Song in the LXX", Journal of Greco-Roman Christianity and Judaism 8 (2011-2012) 21-33.

Koenig, J., Oracles et liturgies de l'exil babylonien (Études d'histoire et de philosophie religieuses, 69; Paris: PUF, 1988) 83-180.

Kustár, Z., "Durch seine Wunden sind wir geheilt". Eine Untersuchung zur Metaphorik von Israels Krankheit und Heilung im Jesajabuch (BWANT 154; Stuttgart: Kohlhammer, 2002).

Landy, F., "The Construction of the Subject and the Symbolic Order: A Reading of the Last Three Suffering Servant Songs", in P. R. Davies – D. J. A. Clines (eds.), Among the Prophets. Language, Image and Structure in the Prophetic Writings (JSOTSup 144; Sheffield: JSOT Press, 1993) 60-71; = [same title], in F. Landy, Beauty and the Enigma. And Other Essays on the Hebrew Bible (JSOTSup 312; Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 2001) 206-217.

Lindsey, F. D., "Isaiah's Songs of the Servant, Part 4: The Career of the Servant in Isaiah 52,13–53,12", BSac 139 (1982) 312-329.

Lindsey, F. D., "Isaiah's Songs of the Servant, Part 5: The Career of the Servant in Isaiah 52,13–53,12 (Concluded)", BSac 140 (1983) 21-39.

Marcheselli-Casale, C., "Proiezioni di risurrezione corporale nell'AT. Suggerimenti di analisi strutturale su Is 53,8-12; Sal 16,9-11 e Ez. 37,1-14", Asprenas 31 (1984) 367-382.

Meynet, R. "Le quatrième chant du serviteur Is 52,13–53,12," Greg 80 (1999) 407-440.

Meynet, R., Mort et ressuscité selon les Écritures (Paris: Bayard, 2003) 123-160; = Morto e risorto secondo le Scritture (Collana Biblica: Bologna: EDB – Edizioni Dehoniane, 2003 [©2002]) 87-115.

Moon, C. Heesuk, "Isaiah 52,13–53,12: An Asian Perspective", in P. Pope-Levison – J. R. Levison (eds.), Return to Babel: Global Perspectives on the Bible (Louisville, KY: Westminster John Knox, 1999) 107-113.

Morrow, W., "Vicarious Atonement in the Second Isaiah", in J. H. Ellens – W. G. Rollins (eds.), Psychology and the Bible: A New Way to Read the Scriptures. Vol. 1: From Freud to Kohut (Psychology, Religion, and Spirituality; Westport, CT: Praeger, 2004) 167-183.

Nakanose, S. – E. P. Pedro, "A missão profética do povo sofredor. Uma leitura do quarto Cântico do Servo Sofredor: Isaías 52,13–53,12", Estudos bíblicos 73 (2002) 26-41.

Niccacci, A., "Quarto Carme del Servo del Signore (Is 52,13–53,12). Composizione, dinamiche e prospettive", LASBF 55 (2005) 9–26.

Olley, J. W., "'The Many': How is Isa 53,12a to be Understood?", Bib 68 (1987) 330-356.

Orlinsky, H. M., "The So-Called 'Suffering Servant' in Is 53", in H. M. Orlinsky (ed.), Interpreting the Prophetic Tradition. The Goldenson Lectures 1955-1966 (Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College Press; New York: KTAV, 1969) 225-273.

Oswalt, J. N., "Isaiah 52:13-53:12: Servant of All", CTJ 40 (2005) 85-94. Revised reprint in J. N. Oswalt, The Holy One of Israel: Studies in the Book of Isaiah (Cascade Books; Eugene, OR: Wipf & Stock, 2014) 141-151.

Petter, T. D., "The Meaning of Substitutionary Righteousness in Isa 53:11: A Summary of the Evidence", Trinity Journal 32 (2011) 165-189.

Pezhumkattil, A., "The Mission of the ‘Ebed Yahweh and his Vicarious Suffering", Jeevadhara 18 (1988) 81-93.

Pixley, J., "Isaiah 52,13-53,12: A Latin-American Perspective", in P. Pope-Levison – J. R. Levison (eds.), Return to Babel: Global Perspectives on the Bible (Louisville, KY: Westminster John Knox, 1999) 95-100.

Poulsen, F., The Black Hole in Isaiah: A Study of Exile as a Literary Theme (FAT 125; Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2019), esp. 234-247.

Puech, E., La croyance des Esséniens en la vie future: immortalité, résurrection, vie éternelle? Histoire d'une croyance dans le Judaïsme Ancien. I: La résurrection des morts et le contexte scripturaire. II: Les données qumraniennes et classiques (EtBib, n.s. 21 & 22; Paris: Gabalda, 1993) 42-44, 303-306. [espec. on 53,8b-11 and then in his general synthesis on the OT]

Raabe, P. R., "The Effect of Repetition in the Suffering Servant Song", JBL 103 (1984) 77-84.

Regt, L. J. de, "Language, Structure, and Strategy in Isaiah 53:1-6: אָכֵן, Word Order, and the Translator", in W. T. van Peursen – J. W. Dyk (eds.), Tradition and Innovation in Biblical Interpretation: Studies Presented to Professor Eep Talstra on the Occasion of His Sixty-Fifth Birthday (SSN 57; Leiden: Brill, 2011) 417-435.

Reventlow, H. Graf, "Basic Issues in the Interpretation of Isaiah 53", in W. H. Bellinger – W. R. Farmer (eds.), Jesus and the Suffering Servant. Isaiah 53 and Christian Origins, (Harrisburg, PA: Trinity Press, 1998) 23-38.

Ruppert, L., "«Mein Knecht, der gerechte, macht die Vielen gerecht, und ihre Verschuldungen – er trägt sie» (Jes 53,11). Universales Heil durch das stellvertretende Strafleiden des Gottesknechtes?", BZ N.F. 40 (1996) 1-17.

Schenker, A., Knecht und Lamm Gottes (Jesaja 53). Übernahme von Schuld im Horizont der Gottesknechtslieder (SBS 190; Stuttgart: Katholisches Bibelwerk 2001).

Schenker, A., "Versöhnung durch Abwälzen von Strafe auf Unschuldige? Ist eine solche Stellvertretung im sog. vierten Lied des Gottesknechtes in Jesaja 53 gemeint?", in B. Acklin Zimmermann – F. Annen (eds.), Versöhnt durch den Opfertod Christi? Die christliche Sühnopfertheologie auf der Anklagebank (paz 4; Zürich: Theologischer Verlag, 2009) 15-25.

Schipper, J., Disability and Isaiah’s Suffering Servant (Biblical Refigurations; New York: Oxford University Press, 2011).

Schipper, J., "Interpreting the Lamb Imagery in Isaiah 53", JBL 132 (2013) 315-325.

Schwarz, G., "'...wie ein Reis vor ihm'?", ZAW 83 (1971) 255-256.

Schwarz, G., "'...sieht er...wird er satt...'?", ZAW 84 (1972) 356-358.

Seeligmann, I. L., "Δεῖξαι αὐτῷ φῶς", Tarbiz 27 (1957/58) 127-141 (Hebr.); = [same title, but the article is now in German], in I. L. Seeligmann, Gesammelte Studien zur Hebräischen Bibel. Hrsg. von E. Blum, mit einem Beitrag von R. Smend (FAT 41; Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2004) 401-419.

Sekine, S., "Identity and Authorship in the Fourth Song of the Servant. A Redactional Attempt at the Second Isaianic Theology of Redemption. Part 1", AJBI 21 (1995) 29-56; "Identity ... Part 2", AJBI 22 (1996) 3-30.

Sekine, S., "The Concept of Redemption in Second Isaiah. A Redactional Study", in S. Sekine, Transcendency and Symbols in the Old Testament: A Genealogy of the Hermeneutical Experiences (BZAW 275; Berlin: De Gruyter, 1999) 284-398. [includes a revision of the articles of 1995-1996 noted above]

Shepherd, C. E., Theological Interpretation and Isaiah 53: A Critical Comparison of Bernhard Duhm, Brevard Childs, and Alec Motyer (LHB/OTS 598; London & New York: Bloomsbury T&T Clark, 2014).

Soggin, J. A., "Tod und Auferstehung des leidenden Gottesknechtes Jesaja 53,8-10", ZAW 87 (1975) 346-355.

Spaller, C., "Syntaktische und stilistische Relationen im Vierten Gottesknechtslied und deren exegetische Relevanz", in F. V. Reiterer – P. Eder (eds), Liebe zum Wort. Beiträge zur klassischen und biblischen Philologie P. Ludger Bernhard OSB zum 80. Geburtstag dargebracht von Kollegen und Schülern (Salzburg: Otto Müller, 1993) 275-292.

Spieckermann, H., "Konzeption und Vorgeschichte des Stellvertretungsgedankens im Alten Testament", in J. A. Emerton (ed.), Congress Volume Cambridge 1995 (VTSup 66; Leiden: Brill, 1997) 281-295; = "The Conception and Prehistory of the Idea of Vicarious Suffering in the Old Testament", in B. Janowski – P. Stuhlmacher (eds.), The Suffering Servant: Isaiah 53 in Jewish and Christian Sources (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2004) 1-15.

Steck, O. H., "Aspekte des Gottesknechts in Jes 52,13-53,12", ZAW 97 (1985) 36-58; = O. H. Steck, Gottesknecht und Zion. Gesammelte Aufsätze zu Deuterojesaja (FAT 4; Tübingen: Mohr [Siebeck], 1992) 22-43.

Story, C., "Another Look at the Fourth Servant Song of Second Isaiah", HBT 31 (2009) 100-110.

Stratton, B. J., "Engaging Metaphors: Suffering with Zion and the Servant in Isaiah 52-53", in S. E. Fowl (ed.), The Theological Interpretation of Scripture. Classic and Contemporary Readings (Blackwell Readings in Modern Theology; Oxford – Cambridge, Mass.: Blackwell, 1997) 219-237.

Tadiello, R., "Il IV canto del servo (Is 52,13-53,12): poetica e interpretazione", BeO 56 (2014) 73-110.

Tångberg, A., "The Justification of the Servant of the Lord: Light from Qumran in the Interpretation of Isaiah 53:11aβ", Tidsskrift for Teologi og Kirke 72 (2002) 31-36.

Taschner, J., "'Du Opfer!': das sogenannte 'Gottesknechtlied' Jes 52,13-53,12 im Spiegel der neueren 'Mobbing'-Diskussion", EvT 72 (2012) 5-21.

Thomas, D. W., "A Consideration of Isaiah LIII in the Light of Recent Textual and Philological Study", ETL 44 (1968) 79-86; = [same title], in H. Cazelles et al. (eds.), Donum natalicium Iosepho Coppens septuagesimum annum complenti, Vol. I: De Mari à Qumrân. L'Ancien Testament: son milieu, ses écrits, ses relectures juives. Hommage à Mgr. J. Coppens (BETL 24; Gembloux: Duculot; Paris: Lethielleux, 1969) 119-126. Reprinted in J. Day, The Recovery of the Ancient Hebrew Language: The Lexicographical Writings of D. Winton Thomas (Hebrew Bible Monographs, 20; Sheffield: Sheffield Phoenix Press, 2013).

Tremolada, P., "E fu annoverato fra iniqui": Prospettive di lettura della passione secondo Luca alla luce di Lc 22,37 (Is 53,12d) (AnBib 137; Roma: Pontificio Istituto Biblico, 1997) 83-137 [= Cap. V: "Is 53,12d: Studio della citazione nel suo contesto originario"].

Vermeylen, J., "Isaïe 53 et le ralliement d'Éphraïm", in I. Kottsieper et al. (eds.), »Wer ist wie du, Herr, unter den Göttern?« Studien zur Theologie und Religionsgeschichte Israels für Otto Kaiser zum 70. Geburtstag (Göttingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, 1994) 342-354.

Vlková, G. I., "Interpreting Ambiguity: The Beginning of the 'Song of the Suffering Servant' (Isa. 52:13-15) and Its Translations", in J. Dušek – J. Roskovec (eds.), The Process of Authority: The Dynamics in Transmission and Reception of Canonical Texts (DCLS 27; Berlin: De Gruyter, 2016) 179-196.

Volgger, D., "Das 'Schuldopfer' Ascham in Jes 53,10 und die Interpretation des sogenannten vierten Gottesknechtliedes", Bib 79 (1998) 473-498.

Vriezen, T. C., "The Term hizza: Lustration and Consecration", in P. A. H. de Boer (ed.), Oudtestamentische Studiën. Deel VII (Leiden: Brill, 1950) 201-235.

Wagner, V., "Die poetische Form des vierten Gottesknechtsliedes Jes 52,13-53,12", ZAH 14 (2001) 173-199.

Wagner, V., "Lassen wir doch den Gottesknecht endlich am Leben! (Jes 53,7-9)", BN 153 (2012) 29-47.

Ward, J. M., "The Servant's Knowledge in Isaiah 40-55", in J. G. Gammie et al. (eds.), Israelite Wisdom. Theological and Literary Essays in Honor of Samuel Terrien (Missoula: Scholars Press, 1978) 121-136.

Watts, R. E., "The Meaning of ʿālāw yiqpəṣû məlākîm pîhem in Isaiah lii 15", VT 40 (1990) 327-335.

Wénin, A., "Le poème dit du «Serviteur souffrant» (Is 52,13-53,12). Proposition de lecture", La Foi et le Temps 24 (1994) 493-508.

Whybray, R. N., Thanksgiving for a Liberated Prophet. An Interpretation of Isaiah Chapter 53 (JSOTSup 4; Sheffield: JSOT, 1978).

Williamson, H. G. M., "DA‘AT in Isaiah LIII 11", VT 28 (1978) 118-122.

Winandy, J., "Une traduction communément reçue et pourtant indéfensable", RB 109 (2002) 321-322. [on Isa 53,3]

IV.    Ancient Near Eastern background

Böhl, F. M. T. de Liagre, "Profetisme en Plaatsvervangend Lijden in Assyrie en Israël", Nederlands theologisch tijdschrift 4 (1949) 81-91, 161-176; = "Prophetentum und stellvertretendes Leiden in Assyria und Israel", in his Opera minora. Studies en bijdragen op assyriologisch en oudtestamentisch terrein (Groningen – Djakarta: Wolters, 1953) 63-80.

Bricker, D. P., "Innocent Suffering in Mesopotamia," TynBul 51 (2000) 193-214.

Kuschke, A., "Altbabylonische Texte zum Thema 'Der leidende Gottesknecht'", TLZ 81 (1956) 69-76.

Scharbert, J., "Stellvertretendes Sühneleiden in den Ebed-Jahwe-Liedern und die altorientalischen Ritualtexten", BZ N.F. 2 (1958) 190-213.

Stamm, J. J., Das Leiden des Unschuldigen in Babylon und Israel (ATANT 10; Zürich: Zwingli-Verlag, 1946).

Vattioni, F., "Is 53,2a e i miti orientali", RivB 5 (1957) 288-298.

Walton, J. H., "The Imagery of the Substitute King Ritual in Isaiah's Fourth Servant Song", JBL 122 (2003) 734-743.

Wyatt, N., "Atonement Theology in Ugarit and Israel", UF 8 (1976) 415-430.

V.    Later readings of the Servant texts (esp. Isa 53) in Judaism (including the Targum) and in Christianity (NT and Patristic interpretations)

1.   In general

Bock, D. L. – M. Glaser (eds.), The Gospel According to Isaiah 53: Encountering the Suffering Servant in Jewish and Christian Theology (Grand Rapids, MI: Kregel Academic & Professional, 2012).

Carra de Vaux, B. – C. Defélix – J.-N. Guinot, and others, Le Serviteur souffrant (Isaïe 53) (Les Suppléments aux Cahiers Évangile, 97; Paris: Service Biblique Evangile et Vie / Cerf, 1996).

Janowski, B. – P. Stuhlmacher (eds.), Der leidende Gottesknecht. Jesaja 53 und seine Wirkungsgeschichte, mit einer Bibliographie zu Jes 53 (FAT 14; Tübingen: Mohr [Siebeck], 1996); = The Suffering Servant: Isaiah 53 in Jewish and Christian Sources (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2004).

Kraus, W., "Zur Rezeption von Jes 53LXX", in E. Bons – M. Geiger – F. Ueberschaer – M. Sigismund – M. Meiser (eds.), Die Septuaginta – Themen, Manuskripte, Wirkungen. 7. Internationale Fachtagung veranstaltet von Septuaginta Deutsch (LXX.D), Wuppertal 19.-22. Juli 2018 (WUNT 444; Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2020) 679-702.

Laato, A., Who Is the Servant of the Lord? Jewish and Christian Interpretations on Isaiah 53 From Antiquity to the Middle Ages (Studies in Rewritten Bible, 4; Turku: Åbo Akademi University; Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2012).

2.   Readings of the text in Judaism

(i)   The Targum of Jonathan   [for translations see here]

Ådna, J., "Der Gottesknecht als triumphierender und interzessorischer Messias. Die Rezeption von Jes 53 im Targum Jonathan untersucht mit besonderer Berücksichtigung des Messiasbildes", in B. Janowski – P. Stuhlmacher (eds.), Der leidende Gottesknecht. Jesaja 53 und seine Wirkungsgeschichte, mit einer Bibliographie zu Jes 53 (FAT 14; Tübingen: Mohr [Siebeck], 1996) 129-158; = "The Servant of Isaiah 53 as Triumphant and Interceding Messiah: The Reception of Isaiah 52:13–53:12 in the Targum of Isaiah with Special Attention to the Concept of the Messiah", in B. Janowski – P. Stuhlmacher (eds.), The Suffering Servant: Isaiah 53 in Jewish and Christian Sources (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2004) 189-224.

Houtman, A., "Wat is er met de lijdende knecht gebeurd? De lezing van Jesaja 52:13-53:12 volgens Targoem Jonathan", Nederlands theologisch tijdschrift 59 (2005) 235-251.

Kim, J., "Targum Isaiah 53 and the New Testament Concept of Atonement", Journal of Greco-Roman Christianity and Judaism 5 (2008) 81-98.

Koch, K., "Messias und Sündenvergebung in Jesaja 53 – Targum. Ein Beitrag zu der Praxis der aramäischen Bibelübersetzung", JSJ 3 (1972) 117-148.

Lourenço, J., "Targum de Is 52,13-53,12: Pressupostos históricos e processos literários", Didaskalia 20 (1990) 155-166.

Syrén, R., "Targum Isaiah 52:13-53:12 and Christian Interpretation", JJS 40 (1989) 201-212.

(ii)   Other Jewish readings

Alobaidi, J., The Messiah in Isaiah 53: The Commentaries of Saadia Gaon, Salmon Ben Yeruham and Yefet Ben Eli on Is 52:13-53:12. Edition and Translation (La Bible dans l'Histoire. Textes et Études, 2; Bern: Lang, 1998).

Bianchi, F., "'Ecco il mio servo comprenderà': il commento di Nachmanide al quarto canto del Servo: fra polemica e attesa escatologica", RivB 62 (2014) 377-394.

Blenkinsopp, J., "The Isaian Servant of the Lord at Qumran", in J. Blenkinsopp, Essays on the Book of Isaiah (FAT 128; Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2019) 176-185.

Carmignac, J., "Les citations de l'Ancien Testament, et spécialement des Poèmes du Serviteur, dans les Hymnes de Qumran", RevQ 2,3 [7] (1960) 357-394.

Collins, J. J., "The Suffering Servant at Qumran", Bible Review 9 (Dec. 1993) 25-27, 63. [on 4Q541].

Cooper, A., "The Suffering Servant and Job: A View from the Sixteenth Century", in C. Mathews McGinnis – P. K. Tull (eds.), "As Those Who Are Taught": The Interpretation of Isaiah from the LXX to the SBL (SBLSymS 27; Atlanta, GA: Society of Biblical Literature, 2006) 189-200. [on Eliezer b. Elijah Ashkenazi (1513-1586)]

Elgvin, T., "The Individual Interpretation of the Servant", Mishkan 43 (2005) 25-33.

Fischel, H., "Die deuterojesajanischen Gottesknechtlieder in der jüdischen Auslegung", HUCA 18 (1943-1944) 53-76.

Gómez Aranda, M., "Redemption and Israel's Hope in Isaac Abravanel's Interpretations of the Servant of the Lord Prophecies", in P. Lindqvist – L. Valve (eds.), Herald of Good Tidings: Essays on the Bible, Prophecy, and the Hope of Israel in Honour of Antti Laato (Hebrew Bible Monographs, 97; Sheffield: Sheffield Phoenix Press, 2021) 301-318.

Hengel, M., "Zur Wirkungsgeschichte von Jes 53 in vorchristlicher Zeit", in B. Janowski – P. Stuhlmacher (eds.), Der leidende Gottesknecht. Jesaja 53 und seine Wirkungsgeschichte, mit einer Bibliographie zu Jes 53 (FAT 14; Tübingen: Mohr [Siebeck], 1996) 49-91; = M. Hengel (with the collaboration of D. P. Bailey), "The Effective History of Isaiah 53 in the Pre-Christian Period", in B. Janowski – P. Stuhlmacher (eds.), The Suffering Servant: Isaiah 53 in Jewish and Christian Sources (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2004) 75-146.

Horowitz, E., "Isaiah's Suffering Servant and the Jews: From the Nineteenth Century to the Ninth", in E. Carlebach – J. J. Schacter (eds.), New Perspectives on Jewish-Christian Relations in Honor of David Berger (The Brill Reference Library of Ancient Judaism, 33; Leiden: Brill, 2012) 419-436.

Kim, J., "The Concept of Atonement in the Fourth Servant Song in the LXX", Journal of Greco-Roman Christianity and Judaism 8 (2011-2012) 21-33.

Neubauer, A. – S. R. Driver, The Fifty-Third Chapter of Isaiah according to the Jewish Interpreters. Vol. 1: Texts Edited from Printed Books and Mss. by Ad. Neubauer. Vol. 2: Translations by S. R. Driver and A. Neubauer, with an Introduction to the translations by E. B. Pusey (Oxford & London: Parker; Leipzig: Weigel, 1876-1877). Reprinted (2 vol.), with a Prolegomenon by R. Loewe, in the series The Library of Biblical Studies (New York: Ktav, 1969).

Ngunga, A. T., "Messianism in LXX-Isaiah 52:13-53:12", in his Messianism in the Old Greek of Isaiah: An Intertextual Analysis (FRLANT 245; Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2013) 175-193.

Pavoncello, N., "L'esegesi rabbinica del Cap. 53 di Isaia", in G. Danieli (ed.), Gesù e la sua morte. Associazione Biblica Italiana: Atti della XXVII Settimana Biblica (Brescia: Paideia, 1984) 237-251.

Rembaum, J. E., "The Development of a Jewish Exegetical Tradition Regarding Isaiah 53", HTR 75 (1982) 289-311.

Schreiner, S., "Jes 53 in der Auslegung des Sepher Chizzuq Emunah von R. Isaak ben Avraham aus Troki", in B. Janowski – P. Stuhlmacher (eds.), Der leidende Gottesknecht. Jesaja 53 und seine Wirkungsgeschichte, mit einer Bibliographie zu Jes 53 (FAT 14; Tübingen: Mohr [Siebeck], 1996) 159-195; = "Isaiah 53 in the Sefer Hizzuk Emunah ('Faith Strengthened') of Rabbi Isaac ben Abraham of Troki", in B. Janowski – P. Stuhlmacher (eds.), The Suffering Servant: Isaiah 53 in Jewish and Christian Sources (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2004) 418-461. [N. B. In an Anhang/Appendix he gives in translation the commentaries on Isa 52,13-53,12 by Rashi (184-186 – ET 450-452), by Ibn Ezra (186-190 – ET 452-456), by David Qimhi (186-195 – ET 456-461).]

3.   Readings in Christianity

(i)   In the New Testament

Aejmelaeus, A., "The Suffering Servant: Isaiah 53 as an Intertext of the New Testament," in A. Mustakallio – H. Leppä – H. Räisänen (eds.), Lux Humana, Lux Aeterna: Essays on Biblical and Related Themes in Honor of Lars Aejmelaeus (Publications of the Finnish Exegetical Society, 89, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2005) 475-494.

Bastiaens, J. C., Interpretaties van Jesaja 53. Een intertextueel onderzoek naar de lijdende Knecht in Jes 53 (MT / LXX) en in Lk 22:14-38, Hand 3:12-26, Hand 4:23-31 en Hand 8:26-40 (TFT-Studies 22; Tilburg: Tilburg University Press, 1993).

Beers, H., The Followers of Jesus as the 'Servant': Luke's Model from Isaiah for the Disciples in Luke-Acts (LNTS 535; London: Bloomsbury T&T Clark, 2015).

Bellinger, W. H. – W. R. Farmer (eds.), Jesus and the Suffering Servant. Isaiah 53 and Christian Origins (Harrisburg, PA: Trinity Press, 1998).

Betz, O., "Die Übersetzungen von Jes 53 (LXX, Targum) und die Theologia Crucis des Paulus", in O. Betz, Jesus. Der Herr der Kirche. Aufsätze zur biblischen Theologie II (WUNT 52; Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 1990) 197-216.

Betz, O., "Jesus und Jesaja 53", in H. Lichtenberger (ed.), Geschichte – Tradition – Reflexion. Festschrift für Martin Hengel zum 70. Geburtstag. Band III: Frühes Christentum (Tübingen: Mohr [Siebeck], 1996) 3-19.

Betz, O., "Jesus and Isaiah 53", in W. H. Bellinger – W. R. Farmer (eds.), Jesus and the Suffering Servant. Isaiah 53 and Christian Origins (Harrisburg, PA: Trinity Press, 1998) 70-87. [similar to, but not identical with, his German paper published in 1996]

Bottini, G. C., "Is 52,13–53,12 nel racconto della passione di Lc 22-23", LASBF 47 (1997) 57-78.

Brendsel, D. J., "Isaiah Saw His Glory": The Use of Isaiah 52-53 in John 12 (BZNW 208; Berlin: De Gruyter, 2014).

Breytenbach, C., "The Septuagint Version of Isaiah 53 and the Early Christian Formula 'He Was Delivered for Our Trespasses'", Novum Testamentum 51 (2009) 339-351.

Breytenbach, C., "JesLXX 53,6.12 als Interpretatio Graeca und die urchristlichen Hingabeformeln", in W. Kraus – M. Karrer (eds.), Die Septuaginta – Texte, Theologien, Einflüsse. 2. Internationale Fachtagung veranstaltet von Septuaginta Deutsch (LXX.D), Wuppertal 23.-27. Juli 2008. Unter Mitarbeit von Martin Meiser (WUNT I/252; Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2010) 655-670.

Cole, D. M. I., Isaiah's Servant in Paul. The Hermeneutics and Ethics of Paul's Use of Isaiah 49-54 (WUNT II/553; Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2021).

Day, A. W., Jesus, the Isaianic Servant: Quotations and Allusions in the Gospel of John (Gorgias Biblical Studies, 67; Piscataway, NJ: Gorgias, 2018).

Edwards, J. R., "The Servant of the Lord and the Gospel of Mark", in T. R. Hatina (ed.), Biblical Interpretation in Early Christian Gospels, Vol. 1: The Gospel of Mark (LNTS 304; London & New York: T & T Clark, 2006) 49-63.

Fabien, P., "L'interprétation de la citation d'Is 53,7-8 en Ac 8,32-33", RB 117 (2010) 550-570.

Fuchs, O., "Jes 53,7-8 als theologische Mitte alternativer Taufpastoral in Apg 8,26-40", TQ 195 (2015) 315-338.

Genz, R., Jesaja 53 als theologische Mitte der Apostelgeschichte: Studien zu ihrer Christologie und Ekklesiologie im Anschluss an Apg 8,26-40 (WUNT II/398; Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2015).

Hofius, O., "Das vierte Gottesknechtslied in den Briefen des Neuen Testamentes", New Testament Studies 39 (1993) 414-437; = [same title], in B. Janowski – P. Stuhlmacher (eds.), Der leidende Gottesknecht. Jesaja 53 und seine Wirkungsgeschichte, mit einer Bibliographie zu Jes 53 (FAT 14; Tübingen: Mohr [Siebeck], 1996) 107-127; = "The Fourth Servant Song in the Letters of the New Testament", in B. Janowski – P. Stuhlmacher (eds.), The Suffering Servant: Isaiah 53 in Jewish and Christian Sources (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2004) 163-188.

Hooker, M. D., Jesus and the Servant: The Influence of the Servant Concept of Deutero-Isaiah in the New Testament (London: SPCK, 1959).

Hooker, M. D., "Did the Use of Isaiah 53 to Interpret his Mission Begin with Jesus?", in W. H. Bellinger – W. R. Farmer (eds.), Jesus and the Suffering Servant. Isaiah 53 and Christian Origins (Harrisburg, PA: Trinity Press, 1998) 88-103.

Hooker, M. D., "Response to Mikeal Parsons", in W. H. Bellinger – W. R. Farmer (eds.), Jesus and the Suffering Servant. Isaiah 53 and Christian Origins (Harrisburg, PA: Trinity Press, 1998) 120-124.

Manzi, F., "La dipendenza letteraria diretta di Fil 2,5-11 da Is 52,13–53,12", RivB 47 (1999) 277-360.

Melugin, R. F. "On Reading Isaiah 53 as Christian Scripture", in W. H. Bellinger – W. R. Farmer (eds.), Jesus and the Suffering Servant. Isaiah 53 and Christian Origins (Harrisburg, PA: Trinity Press, 1998) 55-69.

Mittmann-Richert, U., Der Sühnetod des Gottesknechts. Jesaja 53 im Lukasevangelium (WUNT I/220; Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2008).

Novakovic, L., "Matthew's Atomistic Use of Scripture: Messianic Interpretation of Isaiah 53.4 in Matthew 8,17", in T. R. Hatina (ed.), Biblical Interpretation in Early Christian Gospels, Vol. 2: The Gospel of Matthew (LNTS 310; London & New York: T & T Clark, 2008) 147-162.

Obielosi, D., "The Suffering Servant Theme as a Summation of God's Salvific Plan and a Subject of Interest in the NT in General", EstBib 71 (2013) 201-215.

Obielosi, D., "Καὶ καθὼς Μωϋσῆς ὕψωσεν τὸν ὄφιν ... (John 3,14-15) and the Influence of Isaiah 52,13 LXX", EstBib 72 (2014) 217-235.

Parsons, M. C., "Isaiah 53 in Acts 8. A Reply to Professor Morna Hooker", in W. H. Bellinger – W. R. Farmer (eds.), Jesus and the Suffering Servant. Isaiah 53 and Christian Origins (Harrisburg, PA: Trinity Press, 1998) 104-119.

Reiser, M., "Drei Präfigurationen Jesu: Jesajas Gottesknecht, Platons Gerechter und der Gottessohn im Buch der Weisheit", Erbe und Auftrag 81 (2005) 438-456. Revised version [same title] in M. Reiser, Bibelkritik und Auslegung der Heiligen Schrift: Beiträge zur Geschichte der biblischen Exegese und Hermeneutik (WUNT 217; Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2007) 331-353, esp. 337-346.

Stuhlmacher, P., "Jes 53 in den Evangelien und in der Apostelgeschichte", in B. Janowski – P. Stuhlmacher (eds.), Der leidende Gottesknecht. Jesaja 53 und seine Wirkungsgeschichte, mit einer Bibliographie zu Jes 53 (FAT 14; Tübingen: Mohr [Siebeck], 1996) 93-105; = "Isaiah 53 in the Gospels and Acts", in B. Janowski – P. Stuhlmacher (eds.), The Suffering Servant: Isaiah 53 in Jewish and Christian Sources (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2004) 147-162.

Urciuoli, E. R., "Gesù e il servo sofferente: il problema dell'auto-comprensione gesuana nei termini di Is 53", RivB 58 (2010) 203-227.

Watts, R. E., "Jesus' Death, Isaiah 53, and Mark 10:45. A Crux Revisited", in W. H. Bellinger – W. R. Farmer (eds.), Jesus and the Suffering Servant. Isaiah 53 and Christian Origins (Harrisburg, PA: Trinity Press, 1998) 125-151.

Watts, R., "Messianic Servant or the End of Israel's Exilic Curses? Isaiah 53.4 in Matthew 8.17", JSNT 38.1 (Sept. 2015) 81-95.

Wolff, H. W., Jesaja 53 im Urchristentum. Mit einem Vorwort von Peter Stuhlmacher (Monographien und Studienbücher; Giessen: Brunnen, 41984). [The work originated as Wolff's doctoral dissertation at Halle in 1942; then Berlin 21950 and 31952]

Woyke, J., "Der leidende Gottesknecht (Jes 53)", in B. Kollmann (ed.), Die Verheißung des Neuen Bundes: wie alttestamentliche Texte im Neuen Testament fortwirken (Biblisch-theologische Schwerpunkte, 35; Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2010) 200-225.

(ii)   In Patristic writings

Boersma, H., "Chap. 9: Prophetic Reading: Irenaeus, Cyril of Alexandria, Origen, Eusebius, Gregory of Nyssa, Jerome, Ambrose, and Augustine on the Servant Songs of Isaiah", in H. Boersma, Scripture as Real Presence: Sacramental Exegesis in the Early Church (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Academic, 2017) 219-248.

Bono, D., "La citazione di Is 53 nella 'Prima Clementis'", Orientalia christiana periodica 76 (2010) 103-120.

Bono, D., "Il canto del Servo (Is 53) nell'opera di San Giustino", Augustinianum 51 (2011) 315-330.

Bundy, D. D., "The Interpretation of Isaiah 53 in East and West", in M. Schmidt – C. F. Geyer (eds.), Typus, Symbol, Allegorie bei den östlichen Vätern und ihren Parallelen im Mittelalter (Eichstätter Beiträge, Abteilung Philosophie und Theologie, 4; Regensburg: Pustet, 1982) 54-74.

Bundy, D. D., "The Peshitta of Isaiah 53:9 and the Syrian Commentators", Oriens Christianus 67 (1983) 32-45.

Durand, G.-M. de, "'Sa génération, qui la racontera?' Is 53,8b: l'exégèse des Pères", RSPT 53 (1969) 638-657.

Gelio, R., "Isaia 52,13–53,12 nella patrologia primitiva (I)", in F. Vattioni (ed.), Atti della Settimana: Sangue e antropologia biblica nella Patristica (Roma, 23-28 novembre 1981), I (Centro Studi Sanguis Christi, 2/I; Roma: Pia Unione Preziosissimo Sangue, 1982) 119-148.

Gelio, R., "Isaia 52,13–53,12 nella patrologia primitiva (II)", in F. Vattioni (ed.), Atti della Settimana: Sangue e antropologia nella letteratura cristiana (Roma, 29 novembre – 4 dicembre 1982), I (Centro Studi Sanguis Christi, 3/I; Roma: Pia Unione Preziosissimo Sangue, 1983) 425-448.

Guijarro Oporto, S., "Biblia y teología en los comienzos del cristianismo: exégesis mesiánica de Is 53, 4-5", in F. Milán (ed.), Revelación, escritura, interpretación: estudios en honor del Prof. Gonzalo Aranda Pérez (Biblioteca de teología, 35; Pamplona: EUNSA, 2014) 153-194.

Kraus, W., "Jesaja 53 LXX im frühen Christentum – eine Überprüfung", in W. Kraus (ed.), Beiträge zur urchristlichen Theologiegeschichte (BZNW 163; Berlin: De Gruyter, 2009) 149-182.

Laato, A., "Isaiah 53 and the Biblical Exegesis of Justin Martyr", in A. Laato – J. van Ruiten (eds.), Rewritten Bible Reconsidered. Proceedings of the Conference in Karkku, Finland, August 24-26, 2006 (Studies in Rewritten Bible, 1; Turku: Åbo Akademi University; Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2008) 215-229.

Markschies, C., "Der Mensch Jesus Christus im Angesicht Gottes. Zwei Modelle des Verständnisses von Jesaja 52,13-53,12 in der patristischen Literatur und deren Entwicklung", in B. Janowski – P. Stuhlmacher (eds.), Der leidende Gottesknecht. Jesaja 53 und seine Wirkungsgeschichte, mit einer Bibliographie zu Jes 53 (FAT 14; Tübingen: Mohr [Siebeck], 1996) 197-249; = "Jesus Christ as a Man before God: Two Interpretative Models for Isaiah 53 in the Patristic Literature and Their Development", in B. Janowski – P. Stuhlmacher (eds.), The Suffering Servant: Isaiah 53 in Jewish and Christian Sources (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2004) 225-320.

Mees, M., "Ps 22 (21) und Is 53 in frühchristlicher Sicht", Augustinianum 22 (1982) 313-335. [paper presented at the "X Incontro di Studiosi dell'antichità cristiana: L'Antico Testamento nella Chiesa prenicena"]

Redeker, K.-M., "Aspects of the 'Suffering Servant' in the Commentaries on the Book of Isaiah by Jerome and Haimo of Auxerre", in M. Vinzent (ed.), Papers Presented at the Eighteenth International Conference on Patristic Studies Held in Oxford 2019. Vol. 25: The Second Half of the Fourth Century (Studia patristica, 128; Leuven: Peeters, 2021) 205-214.

Zamfir, K., "From Humble Servant to Incarnate Logos. Christology, Ethics, Apologetics and Polemics in the Early Christian Readings of Isa 52-53", Sacra Scripta [Cluj-Napoca, Romania] 11 (2013) 206-225.