[see also: Judeans in Babylonia; Judeans in Egypt; Palestinian archaeology; Samaria and the Samaritans ]
The bibliography is divided into six sections as follows:
Albertz, R., "Zur Wirtschaftspolitik des Perserreiches", in R. Albertz, Geschichte und Theologie: Studien zur Exegese des Alten Testaments und zur Religionsgeschichte Israels. Edited by I. Kottsieper – J. Wöhrle (BZAW 326; Berlin: De Gruyter, 2003) 335-357.
Allen, L., The Persian Empire: A History (Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press; London: British Museum Press, 2005).
Basello, G. P., "Il Cilindro di Ciro tradotto dal testo babilonese", in G. L. Prato (ed.), Ciro chiamato per nome (Is 45,5): l'epoca persiana e la nascita dell'Israele biblico tra richiamo a Gerusalemme e diaspora perenne. Atti del XVII Convegno di Studi Veterotestamentari (Assisi, 5-7 settembre 2011) (Ricerche storico-bibliche, 25/1; Bologna: Edizioni Dehoniane, 2013) 249-259.
Basello, G. P., "Le unità amministrative dell'impero achemenide (satrapie): il potere percepito dai popoli sottomessi e le immagini di ritorno", in G. L. Prato (ed.), Ciro chiamato per nome (Is 45,5): l'epoca persiana e la nascita dell'Israele biblico tra richiamo a Gerusalemme e diaspora perenne. Atti del XVII Convegno di Studi Veterotestamentari (Assisi, 5-7 settembre 2011) (Ricerche storico-bibliche, 25/1; Bologna: Edizioni Dehoniane, 2013) 37-97.
Bloch, Y., "The Contribution of the Babylonian Tablets in the Collection of David Sofer to the Chronology of the Revolts against Darius I", Altorientalische Forschungen 42 (2015) 1-14.
Bresciani, E., "Chap. 9: The Persian Occupation of Egypt", in I. Gershevitch (ed.), The Cambridge History of Iran. Vol. II: The Median and Achaemenian Periods (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985) 502-528.
Bresciani, E., "La sixième satrapie: l'Égypte perse et ses Sémites", in O. Abel – F. Smyth (eds.), Le livre de traverse. De l'exégèse biblique à l'anthropologie (Patrimoines; Paris: Cerf, 1992) 87-99.
Briant, P., "Persian Empire", ABD V (1992) 236-244.
Briant, P., Histoire de l'empire perse de Cyrus à Alexandre. 2 vol. (Achaemenid History, 10; Leiden: Netherlands Institute voor het Nabije Oosten, 1996; Paris: Librairie Arthème Fayard, 1996); = From Cyrus to Alexander: A History of the Persian Empire (Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2002) [in one volume, with corrections and revisions by the author].
Briant, P., "Persia and the Persians", in B. T. Arnold – B. A. Strawn (eds.), The World Around the Old Testament: The People and Places of the Ancient Near East (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Academic, 2016) 379-415. Reprinted in P. Briant, From Cyrus to Seleukos: Studies in Achaemenid and Hellenistic History (Ancient Iran Series; Irvine, CA: UCI Jordan Center for Persian Studies, 2018), chap. 14.
Brosius, M., A History of Ancient Persia: The Achaemenid Empire (History of the Ancient World; Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell, 2020).
Cook, J. M., The Persian Empire (London: Dent, 1983).
Cook, J. M., "Chap. 5: The Rise of the Achaemenids and Establishment of their Empire", in I. Gershevitch (ed.), The Cambridge History of Iran. Vol. II: The Median and Achaemenian Periods (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985) 200-291.
Dandamaev, M. A., A Political History of the Achaemenid Empire (Leiden: Brill, 1989). [translation and revision of the original Russian edition 1985]
Dandamaev, M. A. – V. G. Lukonin, The Culture and Social Institutions of Ancient Iran. English edition by Philip L. Kohl with the assistance of D. J. Dadson (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989).
Finkel, I. (ed.), The Cyrus Cylinder: The Great Persian Edict from Babylon (London & New York: Bloomsbury Academic, 2021).
Fitzpatrick-McKinley, A., "Continuity between Assyrian and Persian Policies toward the Cults of Their Subjects", in D. Edelman – A. Fitzpatrick-McKinley – P. Guillaume (eds.), Religion in the Achaemenid Persian Empire: Emerging Judaisms and Trends (ORA 17; Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2016) 137-171.
Frei, P., "Die persische Reichsautorisation: ein Überblick", ZABR 1 (1995) 1-35.
Frei, P. – K. Koch, Reichsidee und Reichsorganisation im Perserreich. Zweite, bearbeitete und stark erweiterte Auflage (OBO 55; Freiburg, Schweiz: Universitätsverlag; Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1996). [first edition 1984]
Fried, L. S., "The Role of the Governor in Persian Imperial Administration", in A. F. Botta (ed.), In the Shadow of Bezalel. Aramaic, Biblical, and Ancient Near Eastern Studies in Honor of Bezalel Porten (Culture and History of the Ancient Near East, 60; Leiden: Brill, 2012) 319-331.
Frye, R. N., The History of Ancient Iran (Handbuch der Altertumswissenschaft, Abt. 3, Teil 7; München: Beck, 1984).
Gershevitch, I. (ed.), The Cambridge History of Iran. Vol. II: The Median and Achaemenian Periods (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985).
Heltzer, M., "The Biblical and Apocryphal Sources (I. Esdras) about the Organization of the Achaemenid Empire", in R. Achenbach (ed.), "Gerechtigkeit und Recht zu üben" (Gen 18,19): Studien zur altorientalischen und biblischen Rechtsgeschichte, zur Religionsgeschichte Israels und zur Religionssoziologie. Festschrift für Eckart Otto zum 65. Geburtstag (BZABR 13; Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2010) 317-321.
Henkelman, W. F. M., "The Achaemenid Heartland: An Archaeological-Historical Perspective", in D. T. Potts (ed.), A Companion to the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East (Blackwell Companions to the Ancient World. Literature and Culture; Chichester, UK & Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012) II 931-962.
Hermisson, H.-J., "Die babylonischen Aufstände am Anfang der Regierung des Xerxes und ihre Ahndung", in P. Mommer – W. H. Schmidt – H. Strauß (eds.), Gottes Recht als Lebensraum. Festschrift für Hans Jochen Boecker (Neukirchen-Vluyn: Neukirchener Verlag, 1993) 71-92.
Jacobs, B. – R. Rollinger (eds.), A Companion to the Achaemenid Persian Empire. 2 vol. (Blackwell Companions to the Ancient World; Hoboken, NJ: Wiley Blackwell, 2021).
Khatchadourian, L., "The Achaemenid Provinces in Archaeological Perspective", in D. T. Potts (ed.), A Companion to the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East (Blackwell Companions to the Ancient World. Literature and Culture; Chichester, UK & Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012) II 963-983.
Khatchadourian, L., Imperial Matter: Ancient Persia and the Archaeology of Empires (Oakland, CA: University of California Press, 2016). Available for free download here.
Kuhrt, A., "The Persian Kings and Their Subjects: A Unique Relationship?", OLZ 96 (2001) 165-173. [review article of Frei & Koch 1996, see above]
Kuhrt, A., "Ancient Near Eastern History: The Case of Cyrus the Great of Persia", in H. G. M. Williamson (ed.), Understanding the History of Ancient Israel (Proceedings of the British Academy, 143; Oxford: Oxford University Press for the British Academy, 2007) 107-127.
Kuhrt, A., "Cyrus the Great of Persia: Images and Realities", in M. Heinz – M. H. F. Feldman (eds.), Representations of Political Power: Case Histories from Times of Change and Dissolving Order in the Ancient Near East (Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2007) 169-191.
Kuhrt, A., The Persian Empire: A Corpus of Sources from the Achaemenid Period. 2 vol. (London: Routledge, 2007). [a one-volume paperback edition was published in 2010]
Kuhrt, A, "Achaemenid Political History and Sources", in B. E. Kelle – B. A. Strawn (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of the Historical Books of the Hebrew Bible (Oxford Handbooks; Oxford & New York: Oxford University Press, 2020) 34-49.
Lecoq, P., Les inscriptions de la Perse achéménide – traduit du vieux perse, de l'élamite, du babylonien et de l'araméen, présenté et annoté par Pierre Lecoq (L'Aube des peuples; Paris: Gallimard, 1997).
Llewellyn-Jones, L., Persians: The Age of the Great Kings (New York: Basic Books, 2022).
Potts, D. T. (ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Iran (Oxford Handbooks; Oxford & New York: Oxford University Press, 2013). [The Achaemenid period is presented in various essays in Part V]
Rollinger, R., "Überlegungen zu Herodot, Xerxes und dessen angeblicher Zerstörung Babylons", Altorientalische Forschungen 25 (1998) 339-373.
Rossi, A. V., "I materiali iranici", RivB 34 (1986) 55-72. [RivB 34/1-2 contains the Congress essays of: G. L. Prato (ed.), Il mondo ebraico alla luce delle fonti extrabibliche, II: Il periodo postesilico. Atti del 4° Convegno di Studi Veterotestamentari.]
Rüterswörden, U., "Die Persische Reichsautorisation der Thora: fact or fiction?", ZABR 1 (1995) 47-61.
Ruzicka, S., Trouble in the West. Egypt and the Persian Empire, 525-332 BCE (Oxford Studies in Early Empires, 25; Oxford & New York: Oxford University Press, 2012).
Shayegan, M. R. (ed.), Cyrus the Great: Life and Lore (Ilex Foundation Series, 21; Boston, MA: Ilex Foundation; Washington, DC: Center for Hellenic Studies, 2018).
Silverman, J. M., Persian Royal–Judaean Elite Engagements in the Early Teispid and Achaemenid Empire: The King's Acolytes (LHB/OTS 690; London & New York: Bloomsbury T&T Clark, 2020).
Sternberg-el Hotabi, H., "Die persische Herrschaft in Ägypten", in R. G. Kratz (ed.), Religion und Religionskontakte im Zeitalter der Achämeniden (Veröffentlichungen der Wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft für Theologie, 22; Gütersloh: Gütersloher Verlagshaus, 2002) 111-149.
Stolper, M. W., "The Governor of Babylon and Across-the-River in 486 B.C.", JNES 48 (1989) 283-305.
Vanderhooft, D., "Cyrus II, Liberator or Conqueror?" in O. Lipschits – M. Oeming (eds.), Judah and the Judeans in the Persian Period (Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2006) 351-372.
Waters, M., Ancient Persia: A Concise History of the Achaemenid Empire, 550-330 BCE (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2014).
Waters, M., King of the World: The Life of Cyrus the Great (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2022).
Wiesehöfer, J., Das Antike Persien. Von 550 v. Chr. bis 650 n. Chr. (Zürich: Artemis & Winkler, 1993). Neuauflage: Düsseldorf: Artemis & Winkler, 1998.
Wiesehöfer, J., "'Reichsgesetz' oder 'Einzelfallgerechtigkeit'? Bemerkungen zu Peter Freis These van der achaimenidischen 'Reichsautorisation'", ZABR 1 (1995) 36-46.
Wiesehöfer, J., "The Achaemenid Empire in the Fourth Century B.C.E.: A Period of Decline?", in O. Lipschits – G. N. Knoppers – R. Albertz (eds.), Judah and the Judeans in the Fourth Century b.c.e. (Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2007) 11-30.
Wiesehöfer, J., Das frühe Persien: Geschichte eines antiken Weltreichs. 5., aktualisierte Auflage (Beck'sche Reihe, 2107: München: C. H. Beck Wissenschaft, 2015). [first ed. 1999]
Wiesehöfer, J., "The Role of Lingua Francas and Communication Networks in the Process of Empire-Building: The Persian Empire", in R. Kessler – W. Sommerfeld – L. Tramontini (eds.), State Formation and State Decline in the Near and Middle East (Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2016) 121-134.
Willi, T., "Das Weltkönigtum – seine Residenz und seine Regeln: ein kritischer Blick auf die Diskussion zur biblischen Literatur der persischen Epoche", TLZ 135 (2010) 1055-1070. Reprinted [same title] in T. Willi, Israel und die Völker: Studien zur Literatur und Geschichte Israels in der Perserzeit. Herausgegeben von Michael Pietsch (SBAB 55; Stuttgart: Katholisches Bibelwerk, 2012) 277-297.
Yarshater, E. – A. Ashraf – et al. (eds.), Encyclopaedia Iranica (New York: Encyclopaedia Iranica Foundation / Bibliotheca Persica Press, 1985ff). See the Online Resources section below for the digital edition.
Boyce, M., A History of Zoroastrianism. Vol. 2: Under the Achaemenians (Handbuch der Orientalistik, Abt. 1, Band VIII/1, Lief. 2, Heft 2A; Leiden: Brill, 1982).
Boyce, M., "Persian Religion in the Achemenid Age", in W. D. Davies – L. Finkelstein (eds.), The Cambridge History of Judaism. Volume One. Introduction; The Persian Period (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984) 279-307.
Boyce, M., "Zoroaster, Zoroastriansim", ABD VI (1992) 1168-1174.
Boyce, M., Zoroastrianism: Its Antiquity and Constant Vigour (Columbia Lectures on Iranian Studies, 7; Costa Mesa, CA & New York: Mazda, 1992).
Haas, V. – H. Koch, Religionen des Alten Orients: Hethiter und Iran (Grundrisse zum Alten Testament, 1/1; Göttingen, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2011).
Hutter, M., Religionen in der Umwelt des Alten Testaments, I: Babylonier, Syrer, Perser (Studienbücher Theologie, 4/1: Stuttgart: Kohlhammer, 1996).
Hutter, M., "Probleme iranischer Literatur und Religion unter den Achämeniden", ZAW 127 (2015) 547-564.
Hutter, M., Iranische Religionen: Zoroastrismus, Yezidentum, Bahāʾītum (De Gruyter Studium; Berlin: De Gruyter, 2019). [on Zoroastrianism esp. Kap. 3 "Der Zoroastrismus", 28-100]
Koch, H., "Götter und ihre Verehrung im achämenidischen Persien", ZA 77 (1987) 239-278.
Koch, H., "Zur Religion der Achämeniden", ZAW 100 (1988) 393-405.
Koch, H., "Iranische Religion im achaimenidischen Zeitalter", in R. G. Kratz (ed.), Religion und Religionskontakte im Zeitalter der Achämeniden (Veröffentlichungen der Wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft für Theologie, 22; Gütersloh: Gütersloher Verlagshaus, 2002) 11-26.
Lanczkowski, G., "Iranische Religionen", TRE 16 (1987) 247-258.
Lecoq, P., Les livres de l'Avesta. Les textes sacrés des Zoroastriens ou des Mazdéens. Présentés, traduits et annotés par Pierre Lecoq (Collection Spiritualité; Paris: Cerf, 2016).
Piras, A., "Politica e ideologia religiosa dell'impero achemenide", in G. L. Prato (ed.), Ciro chiamato per nome (Is 45,5): l'epoca persiana e la nascita dell'Israele biblico tra richiamo a Gerusalemme e diaspora perenne. Atti del XVII Convegno di Studi Veterotestamentari (Assisi, 5-7 settembre 2011) (Ricerche storico-bibliche, 25/1; Bologna: Edizioni Dehoniane, 2013) 21-35.
Schwartz, M., "Chap. 14: The Religion of Achaemenian Iran", in I. Gershevitch (ed.), The Cambridge History of Iran. Vol. II: The Median and Achaemenian Periods (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985) 664-697.
Silverman, J. M., "Was There an Achaemenid 'Theology' of Kingship? The Intersections of Mythology, Religion, and Imperial Religious Policy", in D. Edelman – A. Fitzpatrick-McKinley – P. Guillaume (eds.), Religion in the Achaemenid Persian Empire: Emerging Judaisms and Trends (ORA 17; Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2016) 172-196.
Skjærvø, P. O., "Achaemenid Religion", Religion Compass 8 (2014) 175-187. (online journal)
Rollinger, R. – K. Ruffing – L. Thomas (eds.), Das Weltreich der Perser. Rezeption – Aneignung – Verargumentierung (Classica et Orientalia, 23; Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2019).
Shayegan, M. R. (ed.), Cyrus the Great: Life and Lore (Ilex Foundation Series, 21; Boston, MA: Ilex Foundation; Washington, DC: Center for Hellenic Studies, 2018).
Achenbach, R. (ed.), Persische Reichspolitik und lokale Heiligtümer. Beiträge einer Tagung des Exzellenzclusters »Religion und Politik in den Kulturen der Vormoderne und Moderne« vom 24.–6. Februar 2016 in Münster (BZABR 25; Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2019).
Ackroyd, P. R., The Chronicler in His Age (JSOTSup 101; Sheffield: JSOT Press, 1991).
Albertz, R. – B. Becking (eds.), Yahwism After the Exile – Perspectives on Israelite Religion in the Persian Period: Papers Read at the First Meeting of the European Association for Biblical Studies, Utrecht, 6-9 August 2000 (Studies in Theology and Religion [STAR], 5; Assen: Van Gorcum, 2003).
Barmash, P. – M. W. Hamilton (eds.), In the Shadow of Empire: Israel and Judah in the Long Sixth Century BCE (SBLABS 30; Atlanta, GA: SBL Press, 2021).
Barnea, G. – R. Kratz (eds.), Yahwism under the Achaemenid Empire: Professor Shaul Shaked in Memoriam (BZAW 548; Berlin: De Gruyter, 2024).
Bautch, R. J. – M. Lackowski (eds.), On Dating Biblical Texts to the Persian Period: Discerning Criteria and Establishing Epochs (FAT II/101; Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2019).
Becking B. – M. C. A. Korpel (eds.), The Crisis of Israelite Religion. Transformation of Religious Tradition in Exilic and Post-Exilic Times (OTS 42; Leiden: Brill, 1999).
Berquist, J. L. (ed.), Approaching Yehud: New Approaches to the Study of the Persian Period (Atlanta, GA: Society of Biblical Literature; Leiden: Brill, 2007).
Berquist, J. L. – A. Hunt (eds.), Focusing Biblical Studies: The Crucial Nature of the Persian and Hellenistic Periods: Essays in Honor of Douglas A. Knight (LHB/OTS 544; London: T & T Clark, 2012).
Blenkinsopp, J., Essays on Judaism in the Pre-Hellenistic Period (BZAW 495; Berlin: De Gruyter, 2017).
Curtis, J. – St.-J. Simpson (eds.), The World of Achaemenid Persia: History, Art and Society in Iran and the Ancient Near East (London & New York: I. B. Tauris, 2010).
Davies, P. R. (ed.), Second Temple Studies, I: The Persian Period (JSOTSup 117; Sheffield: JSOT, 1991).
Davies, P. R. – J. M. Halligan (eds.), Second Temple Studies, III: Studies in Politics, Class and Material Culture (JSOTSup 340; London: Sheffield Academic Press, 2002).
Davies, W. D. – L. Finkelstein (eds.), The Cambridge History of Judaism. Volume One. Introduction; The Persian Period (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984)
Dubovský, P. – D. Markl – J.-P. Sonnet (eds.), The Fall of Jerusalem and the Rise of the Torah (FAT 107; Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2016).
Edelman, D. – A. Fitzpatrick-McKinley – P. Guillaume (eds.), Religion in the Achaemenid Persian Empire: Emerging Judaisms and Trends (ORA 17; Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2016).
Eskenazi, T. C. – K. H. Richards (eds.), Second Temple Studies, II: Temple Community in the Persian Period (JSOTSup 175; Sheffield: JSOT, 1994).
Fitzpatrick-McKinley, A. (ed.), Assessing Biblical and Classical Sources for the Reconstruction of Persian Influence, History and Culture (Classica et Orientalia, 10; Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2015).
Frevel, C. – K. Pyschny – I. Cornelius (eds.), A "Religious Revolution" in Yehûd? The Material Culture of the Persian Period as a Test Case (OBO 267; Fribourg: Academic Press; Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2014).
Gabbay, U. – S. Secunda (eds.), Encounters by the Rivers of Babylon: Scholarly Conversations between Jews, Iranians, and Babylonians in Antiquity (TSAJ 160; Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2014).
Grabbe, L. L. – O. Lipschits (eds.), Judah Between East and West: The Transition from Persian to Greek Rule (Ca. 400-200 BCE). A Conference Held at Tel Aviv University, 17-19 April 2007 Sponsored by the ASG (Academic Study Group for Israel and the Middle East) and Tel Aviv University (LSTS 75; London: T & T Clark International, 2011).
Heltzer, M., The Province Judah and the Jews in Persian Times: (Some Connected Questions of the Persian Empire) (Tel Aviv: Archaeological Center Publication, 2008).
Henkelman, W. F. M. – C. Redard (eds.), Persian Religion in the Achaemenid Period – La religion perse à l'époque achéménide (Classica et Orientalia, 16; Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2017).
Hensel, B. – E. Ben Zvi – D. V. Edelman (eds.), About Edom and Idumea in the Persian Period: Recent Research and Approaches from Archaeology, Hebrew Bible Studies, and Ancient Near Eastern Studies (Worlds of the Ancient Near East and Mediterranean; Sheffield: Equinox, 2022).
Hunt, A. (ed.), Second Temple Studies, IV: Historiography and History (LHB/OTS 550; London: T & T Clark International, 2012).
Jacobs, B. – W. F. M. Henkelman – M. W. Stolper (eds.), Die Verwaltung im Achämenidenreich: Imperiale Muster und Strukturen – Administration in the Achaemenid Empire: Tracing the Imperial Signature. Akten des 6. Internationalen Kolloquiums zum Thema »Vorderasien im Spannungsfeld klassischer und altorientalischer Überlieferungen« aus Anlass der 80-Jahr-Feier der Entdeckung des Festungsarchivs von Persepolis, Landgut Castelen bei Basel, 14.-17. Mai 2013 (Classica et Orientalia, 17; Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2017).
Jonker, J. (ed.), Texts, Contexts and Readings in Postexilic Literature: Explorations into Historiography and Identity Negotiation in Hebrew Bible and Related Texts (FAT II/53; Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2011).
Kartveit, M. – G. N. Knoppers (eds), The Bible, Qumran, and the Samaritans (Studia Judaica,104 / Studia Samaritana, 10; Berlin: De Gruyter, 2018).
Knoppers, G. N. – L. L. Grabbe – D. N. Fulton (eds.), Exile and Restoration Revisited: Essays on the Babylonian and Persian Periods in Memory of Peter R. Ackroyd (LSTS 73; London: T & T Clark, 2009).
Knoppers, G. N., Judah and Samaria in Postmonarchic Times: Essays on Their Histories and Literatures (FAT 129; Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2019).
Kratz, R. G. (ed.), Religion und Religionskontakte im Zeitalter der Achämeniden (Veröffentlichungen der Wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft für Theologie, 22; Gütersloh: Gütersloher Verlagshaus, 2002).
Kratz, R. G., Das Judentum im Zeitalter des Zweiten Tempels. Kleine Schriften I. 2., durchgesehene und überarbeitete Auflage (FAT 42; Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2013). [first ed. 2004]
Laperrousaz, E.-M. – A. Lemaire (eds.), La Palestine à l'époque perse (Études annexes à la Bible de Jérusalem; Paris: Cerf, 1994).
Levin, Y. (ed.), A Time of Change: Judah and Its Neighbours in the Persian and Early Hellenistic Periods (LSTS 65; London: T & T Clark, 2007).
Lipschits, O. – M. Oeming (eds.), Judah and the Judeans in the Persian Period (Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2006).
Lipschits, O. – G. N. Knoppers – R. Albertz (eds.), Judah and the Judeans in the Fourth Century b.c.e. (Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2007).
Lipschits, O. – G. N. Knoppers – M. Oeming (eds.), Judah and the Judeans in the Achaemenid Period: Negotiating Identity in an International Context (Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2011).
Middlemas, J. (ed.), Innovation in Persian Period Judah: Royal and Temple Ideology in Comparative Perspective (FAT II/144; Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2023).
Potts, D. T. (ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Iran (Oxford Handbooks; Oxford & New York: Oxford University Press, 2013). [The Achaemenid period is presented in various essays in Part V]
Prato, G. L. (ed.), Ciro chiamato per nome (Is 45,5): l'epoca persiana e la nascita dell'Israele biblico tra richiamo a Gerusalemme e diaspora perenne. Atti del XVII Convegno di Studi Veterotestamentari (Assisi, 5-7 settembre 2011) (Ricerche storico-bibliche, 25/1; Bologna: Edizioni Dehoniane, 2013).
Ro, J. Unsok (ed.), From Judah to Judaea: Socio-Economic Structures and Processes in the Persian Period (Hebrew Bible Monographs, 43; Sheffield: Sheffield Phoenix Press, 2012).
Salvesen, A. G. – S. Pearce – M. Frenkel (eds.), Israel in Egypt: The Land of Egypt as Concept and Reality for Jews in Antiquity and the Early Medieval Period (Ancient Judaism and Early Christianity, 110; Leiden: Brill, 2020).
Scott, J. M. (ed.), Restoration: Old Testament, Jewish, and Christian Perspectives (JSJSup 72; Leiden: Brill, 2001).
Silverman, J. M. – C. Waerzeggers (eds.), Political Memory in and after the Persian Empire (ANEM 13; Atlanta, GA: SBL Press, 2015). The book can be downloaded freely here.
Watts, J. W. (ed.), Persia and Torah: The Theory of Imperial Authorization of the Pentateuch (SBLSymS 17; Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2001).
Willi, T., Juda – Jehud – Israel. Studien zum Selbstverständnis des Judentums in persischer Zeit (FAT 12; Tübingen: Mohr [Siebeck], 1995).
Williamson, H. G. M., Studies in Persian Period History and Historiography (FAT 38; Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2004). Reprinted Eugene, OR: Wipf & Stock, 2010.
Achenbach, R., "Zwischen Mose und Zarathustra: zur gesellschaftlichen Stellung der Juden im antiken Perserreich", ZABR 19 (2013) 283-306. Reprinted in R. Achenbach, Tora in der Perserzeit: Gesammelte Studien zu Theologie und Rechtsgeschichte Judas (FAT 173; Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2023) 15-37.
Adams, S. L., Social and Economic Life in Second Temple Judea (Louisville, KY: Westminster John Knox, 2014).
Altmann, P., "Ancient Comparisons, Modern Models, and Ezra–Nehemiah: Triangulating the Sources for Insights on the Economy of Persian Period Yehud", in M. L. Miller – E. Ben Zvi – G. N. Knoppers (eds.), The Economy of Ancient Judah in Its Historical Context (Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2015) 103-120.
Altmann, P., Economics in Persian-Period Biblical Texts: Their Interactions with Economic Developments in the Persian Period and Earlier Biblical Traditions (FAT 109; Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2016).
Ambar-Armon, E. – A. Kloner, "Archaeological Evidence of Links Between the Aegean World and the Land of Israel in the Persian Period", in Y. Levin (ed.), A Time of Change: Judah and Its Neighbours in the Persian and Early Hellenistic Periods (LSTS 65; London: T & T Clark, 2007) 1-22.
Balandier, C., La défense de la Syrie-Palestine des Achéménides aux Lagides: histoire et archéologie des fortifications à l'ouest du Jourdain de 532 à 199 avant J.-C., avec appendices sur Jérusalem et sur les ouvrages fortifiés de Transjordanie et du nord du Sinaï (EtBib, n. s. 67; Pendé: Gabalda, 2014).
Balcells Gallarreta, J. E., Household and Family Religion in Persian-Period Judah: An Archaeological Approach (ANEM 18; Atlanta, GA: SBL Press, 2017). The volume can be downloaded here.
Betlyon, J. – S. R. Martin, "A People Transformed: Palestine in the Persian Period", NEA 68 (2005) 4-58.
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Eshel, H., "Hellenism in the Land of Israel from the Fifth to the Second Centuries BCE in Light of Semitic Epigraphy", in Y. Levin (ed.), A Time of Change: Judah and Its Neighbours in the Persian and Early Hellenistic Periods (LSTS 65; London: T & T Clark, 2007) 116-124.
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Niehr, H., "Religio-Historical Aspects of the 'Early Post-Exilic' Period", in B. Becking – M. C. A. Korpel (eds), The Crisis of Israelite Religion: Transformation of Religious Tradition in Exilic and Post-Exilic Times (OTS 42; Leiden: Brill, 1999) 228-244.
Oswald, W., "Der Hohepriester als Ethnarch. Zur politische Organisation Judäas im 4. Jahrhundert v. Chr", ZABR 21 (2015) 309-320.
Plöger, O., Theokratie und Eschatologie (WMANT 2; Neukirchen-Vluyn: Neukirchener Verlag, 1959, 21962); = Theocracy and Eschatology (Atlanta: John Knox, 1968).
Ristau, K. A., Reconstructing Jerusalem: Persian-Period Prophetic Perspectives (Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2016).
Rom-Shiloni, D., "What is 'Persian' in Late Sixth Century B.C.E. Prophetic Literature? Case Studies and Criteria, in R. J. Bautch – M. Lackowski (eds.), On Dating Biblical Texts to the Persian Period: Discerning Criteria and Establishing Epochs (FAT II/101; Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2019) 31-53.
Rose, W. H., Zemah and Zerubbabel: Messianic Expectations in the Early Postexilic Period (JSOTSup 304; Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 2000).
Rothenbusch, R., "Die Finanzierung des Jerusalemer Kultes in nachexilischer Zeit und die Mitgliedschaft in einer religiösen Gruppe", in C. Diller – M. Mulzer – K. Ólason (eds.), "Erforsche mich, Gott, und erkenne mein Herz!" Beiträge zur Syntax, Sprechaktanalyse und Metaphorik im Alten Testament. Schülerfestschrift für Hubert Irsigler zum 60. Geburtstag (ATSAT 76; St. Ottilien: EOS, 2005) 159-184.
Schaper, J., Priester und Leviten im achämenidischen Juda. Studien zur Kult- und Sozialgeschichte Israels in persischer Zeit (FAT 31; Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2000).
Steck, O. H., "Das Problem theologischer Strömungen in nachexilischer Zeit", EvT 28 (1968) 445-458.
Steck, O. H., "Strömungen theologischer Tradition im Alten Israel", in O. H. Steck (ed.), Zu Tradition und Theologie im Alten Testament (BThSt 2; Neukirchen-Vluyn: Neukirchener Verlag, 1978) 27-56. Reprinted (with same title) in O. H. Steck, Wahrnehmungen Gottes im Alten Testament. Gesammelte Studien (TB 70; München: Kaiser, 1982) 291-317. First published in English: "Theological Streams of Tradition", in D. A. Knight (ed.), Tradition and Theology in the Old Testament. A Symposium (Philadelphia: Fortress; London: SPCK, 1977) 183-214; = "Courants théologiques dans la tradition", in D. A. Knight (ed.), Tradition et théologie dans l’ancien Testament (LD 108; Paris: Cerf – Desclée, 1982) 193-223.
Stern, E., "The Religious Revolution in Persian-Period Judah", in O. Lipschits – M. Oeming (eds.), Judah and the Judeans in the Persian Period (Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2006) 199-205.
Talmon, S., "Jüdische Sektenbildung in der Frühzeit der Periode des Zweiten Tempels. Ein Nachtrag zu Max Webers Studie über antike Judentum", in W. Schluchter (ed.), Max Webers Sicht des antiken Christentums. Interpretation und Kritik (Suhrkamp-Taschenbuch Wissenschaft 548; Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1985) 233-280.
Talmon, S., "The Emergence of Jewish Sectarianism in the Early Second Temple Period", in P. D. Miller et al. (eds.), Ancient Israelite Religion. Essays in Honor of Frank Moore Cross (Philadelphia: Fortress, 1987) 587-616. Reprinted in a slightly different form in S. Talmon, King, Cult and Calendar in Ancient Israel. Collected Studies (Jerusalem: Magnes Press, 1986) 165-201.
Talmon, S., "'Exile' and 'Restoration' in the Conceptual World of Ancient Judaism", in J. M. Scott (ed.), Restoration: Old Testament, Jewish, and Christian Perspectives (JSJSup 72; Leiden: Brill, 2001) 107-146. Reprinted in S. Talmon, Literary Motifs and Patterns in the Hebrew Bible (Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2013) 317-353.
VanderKam, J. C., "Jewish High Priests of the Persian Period: Is the List Complete?", in G. A. Anderson – S. M. Olyan (eds.), Priesthood and Cult in Ancient Israel (JSOTSup 125; Sheffield: JSOT Press, 1991) 67-91.
Willi, T., "»Wie geschrieben steht« – Schriftbezug und Schrift. Überlegungen zur frühjüdischen Literaturwerdung im perserzeitlichen Kontext", in R. G. Kratz (ed.), Religion und Religionskontakte im Zeitalter der Achämeniden (Veröffentlichungen der Wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft für Theologie, 22; Gütersloh: Gütersloher Verlagshaus, 2002) 257-277. Reprinted [same title] in T. Willi, Israel und die Völker: Studien zur Literatur und Geschichte Israels in der Perserzeit. Herausgegeben von M. Pietsch (SBAB 55; Stuttgart: Katholisches Bibelwerk, 2012) 101-122.
Achaemenids: a useful synthetic page by Jona Lendering on the history of the Achaemenids, with further links to many relevant topics.
Achemenet: a portal for Achaemenid studies; users can choose an interface in French or English. The site was founded by Pierre Briant and is based at the Musée du Louvre, département des Antiquités orientales. A virtual "Achaemenid Museum", a sub-site of Achemenet, plans to digitize Achaemenid monuments and objects in more than a dozen museum collections around the world.
Encyclopaedia Iranica (in general): the digital edition of the work mentioned above; it includes lemmata that have not yet appeared in the print edition.
Encyclopaedia Iranica article: E. Bresciani, "Egypt, i: Persians in Egypt in the Achaemenid period" (last updated: December 9, 2011). Original print publication: December 15, 1998, in Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. VIII, Fasc. 3, pp. 247-249.